Category: I am learning Turkish (tr-en)
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**Turkish Grammar Portal**
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/25/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by AlexinNotTurkey] [Updated by Danika_Dakika starting 03/01/22] Hoş geldiniz to the Turkish grammar portal. Here, you will find links to all of the grammar posts we created for the course in one place. Basics Word Order Pronouns Articles Plurals…
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Helpful Resources
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/23/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Selcen_Ozturk] The Turkish Suffix Dictionary The Suffix Dictionary — yes, it exists! As you might have noticed, Turkish uses suffixes for almost everything. This website helps you decipher them. Online Dictionaries Grammar Explanation Websites Grammar Books Grammar and…
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A Detailed Guide to The Aorist Tense
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 10/25/21 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by MustafaOuz526752] The aorist tense is so broad of a topic that it is often addressed in general terms. In this post, I will (hopefully) cover everything that a learner needs to know about the aorist tense. The intention…
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Turkish Bayrams
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 09/07/19 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by alicanerturk] I wanted to share Turkish bayrams with all Turkish learners. Because, one of the most important parts of learning a new language is learning about a new culture. There are many national and religious bayrams of Turks.…
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Suffix order
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 10/31/16 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Ektoraskan] Hello, I was asked to prepare a guide to help decide in which order you should arrange the suffixes that you add onto a word. If the English sentence has “am/is/are/was/were, etc” (i.e.; any form of verb…
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Turkish: Dative Case
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/31/16 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by MeteUlku] Hey, In Turkish, it is called as “Yönelme Durumu/İsmin “-e” hali”. As in the Turkish called, there are only “-e” and “-a” suffixes on this subject in Turkish. Did it relieve you, didn’t it? 🙂 We must…
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What are Diacritical Letters?
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/30/16 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by MeteUlku] Diacritical letters were removed by the TDK (Turkish Language Association) but it has added them back after a while. You can find words with diacritical letters in the TDK’s dictionary now. They are used for Turkish words…
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Turkish Alphabet and Numbers (with Pronunciation)
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/30/16 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by MeteUlku] The Turkish alphabet has twenty nine letters. Here are the alphabet, numbers and examples of their pronunciation: LETTERS WITH THEIR PRONUNCIATION: Aa (TR pronunciation: a) = “a” in “star” Bb (be) = “b” in “baby” Cc (ce)…
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[Grammar] Vowel Loss
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 02/19/16 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by MeteUlku] In Turkish, it is called as “Ünlü Düşmesi”. While using some words in Turkish, we sometimes need to drop their last vowel. Someone asked this in a sentence discussion topic. I thought to create this little guide…
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Emir Cümleleri (Imperative Clauses)
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 02/14/16 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by MeteUlku] First, we need to know the singular, plural persons and their imperative suffixes in Turkish. Ben (I) ——————- DO NOT USE person form. + -eyim/-ayım Sen (You [singular]) —— NO Person form + NO Suffix (just main…
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Vowel Sounds in Turkish and Vowel Harmony
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 12/03/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by orde90] There are basically 9 different vowel sounds and there are 8 letters that represent them in Turkish. It’s a little bit hard to understand some of these sounds since they don’t have any equivalent in some languages.…
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Turkish Family Tree
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 09/10/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Selcen_Ozturk] There are many kinship terms in Turkish, many more compared to English, but still not as many as some Asian languages. Anyway, I tried to create a tree to make it easier. I hope it is error-free…
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[Grammar] 4-way Vowel Harmony
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 06/10/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by AlexinNotTurkey] In Turkish, vowels within a (native) word and any suffixes that are attached to said word must obey vowel harmony rules. This means that vowels tend to either be the same or similar, making words easier to…
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[Grammar] Consonant Mutation
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 06/10/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by AlexinNotTurkey] Consonants often change at the end of words depending on whether they are followed by a vowel or a consonant. If they are followed by a vowel, they will generally change into voiced consonants. For example: This…
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Animal sounds in Turkish
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 05/31/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Selcen_Ozturk] This is something difficult to add in the course, but why not teach this to you here? I created this myself, all images are taken from Wikipedia. Bonus: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KeOEXBjk_94 I am learning Turkish
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[Grammar] Aorist usage
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 05/16/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Ektoraskan] Hello! I’ve prepared this short guide after seeing many questions on “aorist vs. continuous”. Turkish simple present is linguistically called the Aorist tense. (Aorist is past tense in Greek, so I don’t know whose idea it was…
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[Grammar] Suffix: -dir
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 05/16/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Ektoraskan] Hello! After countless questions about the usage of “-dir”, I thought we should have a small guide on the topic. How many of you guys have started hating this annoying suffix? This suffix has a number of…
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[Grammar] Noun Compounds (Belirsiz İsim Tamlaması)
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 05/14/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Selcen_Ozturk] A noun compound is when you combine two nouns to create something with a new meaning (e.g. birth + day = birthday). Forming these in Turkish will be easy using the knowledge that you already have up…
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[Grammar] Questions
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 05/14/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Selcen_Ozturk] Question Words Turkish question words do not undergo the same movement that they do in English (notice…questions words almost always are at the beginning of questions in English). Instead, they keep put in the place that naturally…
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[Grammar] Present Continuous
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 05/14/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Selcen_Ozturk] [Updated by Danika_Dakika starting 03/01/22] I am learning Turkish
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[Grammar] Locative case
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 05/14/15 in the forum Duolingo Turkish for English Speakers by Selcen_Ozturk] The locative case in Turkish is used to describe location in, at, or on a place. It is formed with the suffix -DA. Now, you may be asking, what is that capital D doing there … to…
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[Grammar] Possessive Suffixes
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 05/14/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by AlexinNotTurkey] Possessive Determiners (my, your, his, her, its, our, and their) are represented by a set of suffixes, all of which follow 4-way vowel harmony, where applicable. These suffixes are as follows: Singular Plural 1st Person -(I)m -(I)mIz…
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[Grammar] “…have a…” vs “…have the…”
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 04/12/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Selcen_Ozturk] In English, when you say “I have a bag”, you are talking about possession, you are giving the information that you are the owner of any bag. We translate these sentences into Turkish as “Benim (bir) çantam…
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How to Pronounce: â û î
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/30/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Selcen_Ozturk] Turkish has a, i and u with the circumflex BUT the circumflex is often not used (The Turkish language association once removed them and later tried to bring them back, but almost nobody uses them anymore, except…
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[Grammar] Articles
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/25/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by AlexinNotTurkey] There are no articles in Turkish! The number one (bir) is sometimes used to distinguish between the/a(n). However, if a noun is in the subject position, there is no way to tell! Cool, right? This being said,…
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[Grammar] To Be: Copula
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/25/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by AlexinNotTurkey] There are a few ways to say “to be” in Turkish depending on what you are saying. This is shocking since there is not actual verb “to be.” A suffix is used to form “to be” in…
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[Grammar] Plurals
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/25/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by AlexinNotTurkey] Forming the plural in Turkish is simple compared to the Accusative case. It is formed using the suffix -lAr. Now you might be thinking, “what is that capital A doing there?” to which we respond with 2-way…
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[Grammar] Accusative Case
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/25/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by AlexinNotTurkey] Welcome to your second of the 7 cases in Turkish. You have already been using the nominative case to describe subjects and some objects. The accusative case in Turkish is used to mark specific direct objects. What…
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[Grammar] Adjectives
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/25/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by AlexinNotTurkey] Adjectives and all modifiers in Turkish must always come before the nouns that they modify when they operate as modifiers. This does not stand true if it is used as a compliment with the verb “to be”…
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[Grammar] Word Order
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/25/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by AlexinNotTurkey] Turkish is a Subject-Object-Verb language, meaning that sentences take on a different word order than that of English, French, German, or most other languages that English speakers most commonly study. That being said, a background in Japanese,…
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[Grammar] One Size Doesn’t Fit All: Use of plurals and singulars in Turkish and English
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/25/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Selcen_Ozturk] In Turkish, if you have a general direct object, there is no need to put any case or suffix on the object itself. A general direct object is one that uses “a/an” or the plural without “the.”…
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[Grammar] Pronouns
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/25/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Selcen_Ozturk] Keep in mind: Siz behaves just like vous in French, serving both as you (plural) and you (formal). When you use the “possessive pronoun” as the predicative, you can use the version with or without -ki. (e.g.…
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Alphabet and Typing
I am learning Turkish [Originally posted on 03/23/15 on the Duolingo Turkish for English speakers forum by Selcen_Ozturk] The Turkish Alphabet It consists of 29 letters. a b c ç d e f g ğ h ı i j k l m n o ö p r s ş t u ü v y z…
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